According UNAIDS data, in Russian Federation about 1,000 000 people infected with HIV live.  From the first cases of HIV infection in eighties last century until now, the main mode of HIV transmission is injecting drug use being typical for Russia as well as for Eastern Europe and Central Asia countries.

One of the most affected by HIV infection region in Russia is Sverdlovsk regoin with population of 4,300 000: on 01.07.2011 50,574 people infected with HIV are officially registered there and the estimated number of these people is more than 120,000. 

599 children born by HIV positive mothers have been diagnosed as HIV positive there. 2058 people died due to AIDS, incl. tuberculosis.